{"id":1092327,"date":"2023-10-17T12:15:37","date_gmt":"2023-10-17T12:15:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/in-en\/?p=1092327&#038;preview=true&#038;preview_id=1092327"},"modified":"2025-08-19T06:05:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T06:05:30","slug":"industrialization-of-ran-energy-saving-for-greener-connectivity-at-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/in-en\/insights\/expert-perspectives\/industrialization-of-ran-energy-saving-for-greener-connectivity-at-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"Industrialization of RAN energy saving for greener connectivity at scale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<header class=\"wp-block-cg-blocks-hero-blogs header-hero-blogs\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"hero-blogs\"><div class=\"hero-blogs-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\"><div class=\"header-title\"><h1>Industrialization of RAN energy saving for greener connectivity at scale<br><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"hero-blogs-bottom\"><div class=\"header-author\"><div class=\"author-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/in-en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2023\/02\/Subhankar-Pal-1.png?w=200&amp;quality=10\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><\/div><div class=\"author-name-date\"><h5 class=\"author-name\">Subhankar Pal<\/h5><h5 class=\"blog-date\">17 October 2023<\/h5><\/div><\/div><div class=\"brand-image\"> <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-cg-blocks-group undefined section section--article-content\"><div class=\"article-main-content\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12 col-md-1\"><nav class=\"article-social\"><ul class=\"social-nav\"><li class=\"ip-order-fb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/insights\/expert-perspectives\/can-ntns-reinvigorate-innovation-in-the-mobile-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"opens in a new window\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon-fb\"><\/i><span class=\"sr-only\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ip-order-tw\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/insights\/expert-perspectives\/can-ntns-reinvigorate-innovation-in-the-mobile-industry\/&amp;text=Can%20NTNs%20reinvigorate%20innovation%20in%20the%20mobile%20industry%3F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"opens in a new window\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon-tw\"><\/i><span class=\"sr-only\">Twitter<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ip-order-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/insights\/expert-perspectives\/can-ntns-reinvigorate-innovation-in-the-mobile-industry\/&amp;text=Can%20NTNs%20reinvigorate%20innovation%20in%20the%20mobile%20industry%3F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"opens in a new window\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon-li\"><\/i><span class=\"sr-only\">Linkedin<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"col-12 col-md-11 col-lg-10\"><div class=\"article-text article-quote-text\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-energy-consumption-makes-up-a-significant-portion-of-the-mobile-network-operator-s-opex-estimated-at-between-20-and-40-a-figure-that-is-even-higher-in-heavy-diesel-usage-regions-such-as-southeast-asia-and-africa\">Energy consumption makes up a significant portion of the mobile network operator\u2019s OPEX, estimated at between <a href=\"https:\/\/www.orange-business.com\/en\/blogs\/greening-telecoms-network\">20% and 40%<\/a> \u2013 a figure that is even higher in heavy diesel usage regions, such as Southeast Asia and Africa.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2020, the annual global energy cost for running mobile networks was about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ericsson.com\/en\/news\/2022\/10\/ericsson-publishes-breaking-the-energy-curve-report-2022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">$25 bn<\/a>, a figure that is likely to be significantly higher now due to subsequent global economic challenges such as the energy crisis and surging inflation. RAN (Radio Access Network) accounts for the largest portion of this cost, almost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/betterfuture\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Mobile-Net-Zero-%E2%80%93-State-of-the-Industry-on-Climate-Action-2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">80%<\/a> of the network\u2019s energy consumption, making it a prime target for energy-saving efforts. The result reduces costs as well as the CO2 footprint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several intelligent RAN energy-saving mechanisms, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9828681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cell and carrier sleep modes, massive MIMO Rx\/Tx reconfiguration, traffic steering, power control<\/a>, etc., have been introduced over the years to reduce energy consumption in the RAN\u2019s active units. Adding AI\/ML enables dynamic learning to intelligently control those mechanisms and improve energy saving while keeping an optimal user experience. Initial trials have shown up to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ericsson.com\/en\/blog\/2023\/1\/ai-powered-ran-energy-efficiency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12%<\/a> additional savings over traditional techniques. However, for industrializing RAN energy saving for operators, the solution has to be scalable, reliable, and replicable across a multi-vendor network environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Challenges in building an industrialized RAN energy-saving solution.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrialization of RAN energy saving is difficult, and the key hurdles are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Technical complexity<\/strong> \u2013 the mobile network consists of multiple technologies (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G). Energy efficiency must be implemented across these technologies and respective vendors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Performance and QoS preservation<\/strong> \u2013 operators must ensure that QoS is closely monitored, and energy-saving measures do not impact user experience.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Compatibility and interoperability issues in a multi-vendor ecosystem<\/strong> \u2013 networks are commonly built with equipment from different vendors. The RAN energy-saving solution must adapt to the respective data formats, KPIs, energy-saving mechanisms and APIs. This challenge can be mitigated by improving standardization of network KPIs (usage, electricity consumption, quality of service) and energy-saving mechanisms and APIs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cost considerations<\/strong> \u2013 implementing energy saving solutions may involve upfront technology and infrastructure costs. Moreover, the energy-saving solution will have its own CO<sub>2<\/sub> footprint. Operators need to carefully assess the return on investment and develop strategies for cost-effective energy savings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Measuring the savings<\/strong> \u2013 operators need to separate the contribution brought in by the AI-based solution from vendor-provided RAN-level mechanisms.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The way forward for operators<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To evaluate the potential benefits and gain confidence in their ability to overcome challenges, operators must engage in trials, starting with a simulation based on real network data. A simulation is risk-free, with no impact on the network, and can help evaluate returns, building motivation to engage in field trials and then deploy a better-tuned, industrial solution. With this approach operators can realize immediate energy savings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to be ready for the future, operators and NEPs need to also accelerate the adoption of Open RAN. Through standardized interfaces, RAN virtualization, and AI\/ML enabled use cases, Open RAN has the potential to play a significant role in accelerating the industrialization of RAN energy saving and drive innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With Open RAN, it is possible to introduce near-real-time energy saving techniques in O-RU such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ngmn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/211009-GFN-Network-Energy-Efficiency-1.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">intelligent discontinuous transmission (DTx) known as micro-sleep, intelligent discontinuous reception (DRx), intelligent RRC inactive state, adaptive beamforming, intelligent scheduling<\/a>, and more. These use cases provide deeper and more advanced energy-saving techniques that are not possible in traditional RAN. Additionally, O-RAN can optimize energy consumption in the O-Cloud infrastructure with intelligent workload optimization and CPU tuning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How are we contributing to this endeavor?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Capgemini\u2019s RAN Energy Saving offering uses an AI-native approach for a holistic and open solution to industrialize energy saving in RAN that is fully compliant with 3GPP and O-RAN Alliance specifications, as shown in figure 1 below. It is open, vendor-agnostic, and customizable as per operator needs for seamless integration in a multi-vendor telco network. It uses advanced AI-native techniques, utilizing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/NetAnticipate_-brochure_Mar-23.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Capgemini\u2019s NetAnticipate framework<\/a>, to correlate various metrics and provide real-time and predictive operational intelligence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The underlying closed loop automation framework ensures that the solution self-learns to continuously improve energy saving in the network. It can prove this value in simulation, based on a continuous feed of real data, and then switch to real action on the network to gain savings effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-36.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-964967\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Capgemini has participated in TM Forum\u2019s moonshot catalyst project \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tmforum.org\/catalysts\/projects\/M23.0.584\/green-and-efficient-radio-access-networks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Green and Efficient Radio Access Networks\u201d<\/a>. This included collaborating with leading CSPs and NEPs to address the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tmforum.org\/catalysts\/moonshots\/the-energy-challenge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">energy challenge<\/a> faced by the telecom industry. All while ensuring scalability, reusing across multiple networks, reducing cost and risks by leveraging TM Forum\u2019s best practices and standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exciting opportunities on the horizon<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The advent of 5G-Advanced and anticipated 6G technology is going to bring even bigger opportunities. New technologies are on the way, like <a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9322510\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IRS (Intelligent Reflecting Surface)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextgalliance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/dlm_uploads\/2022\/07\/TWG-report-6G-technologies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">adaptive beamforming using sensing techniques also known as JCAS (Joint communication and Sensing)<\/a>. Together, these will make future networks more energy efficient and natively sustainable. Capgemini is actively engaged in research on these technologies with academic and industry partners, for building a sustainable tomorrow.<a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/in-en\/insights\/expert-perspectives\/telco-insights\/\">TelcoInsights<\/a><\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;is a series of posts about the latest trends and opportunities in the telecommunications industry \u2013 powered by a community of global industry experts and thought leaders.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-cg-blocks-wrapper-people-slider section section--expert-slider wrapper-people-slider undefined\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"content-title\"><h3 data-maxlength=\"34\">Author<\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\"slider slider-boxed\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"slider-window\"><div class=\"slider-list\">\n\t\t<div class=\"slide\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"box\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6 col-lg-4 box-img-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.capgemini.com\/in-en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2023\/02\/Subhankar-Pal.jpg\" alt=\"Subhankar Pal\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6 col-lg-8 box-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row title-social-media-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12 col-lg-6 mbl-social-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-nav\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"subnav-button--form\" href=\"javascript:void(0)\" aria-label=\"contact us\" data-bs-toggle=\"modal\" data-bs-target=\"#WPB400ab96c_2fb0_43d7_8ed6_1298f11dbe90\" data-bs-expert-title=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ico-form\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12 col-lg-6 box-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"people-profile-title\">Subhankar Pal<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Global Innovation Leader \u2013 Intelligent Networks, Capgemini Engineering\u00a0<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12 col-lg-6 social-box-container dkt-social-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-nav\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"subnav-button--form\" href=\"javascript:void(0)\" aria-label=\"contact us\" data-bs-toggle=\"modal\" data-bs-target=\"#WPB400ab96c_2fb0_43d7_8ed6_1298f11dbe90\" data-bs-expert-title=\"Subhankar Pal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"ico-form\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"people-info\">Subhankar has over 25 years of experience in the telecommunications industry, specializing in advanced network automation, optimization, and sustainability, leveraging cloud-native architectures and machine learning for 5G and beyond. At Capgemini, he leads product incubation, product strategy, roadmap development, and solution consulting across telecommunications and related markets.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal\" id=\"WPB400ab96c_2fb0_43d7_8ed6_1298f11dbe90\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-lg modal-dialog-scrollable landing-page-modals\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"btn-close\" aria-label=\"close\" data-bs-dismiss=\"modal\"><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mf_forms__container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form id=\"mf_form_1003886_3871709318\" class=\"mf_form__form row needs-validation\" action=\"\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" data-nosnippet>\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mf-field-wrapper form-floating col-sm-12\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"form-control\" id=\"_mf_1003795_1599_776350630\" name=\"_mf_1003795_1599\" placeholder=\"First Name\" required \/><label for=\"_mf_1003795_1599_776350630\" class=\"form-label\">First Name <span class=\"star-required\">*<\/span><\/label><div class=\"invalid-feedback-frm\" role=\"alert\">First Name is not valid.<\/div><\/div><div class=\"mf-field-wrapper form-floating col-sm-12\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"form-control\" id=\"_mf_1003795_8620_535567079\" name=\"_mf_1003795_8620\" placeholder=\"Last Name\" required \/><label for=\"_mf_1003795_8620_535567079\" class=\"form-label\">Last Name <span class=\"star-required\">*<\/span><\/label><div class=\"invalid-feedback-frm\" role=\"alert\">Last Name is not valid.<\/div><\/div><div class=\"mf-field-wrapper form-floating col-sm-12\"><input type=\"email\" class=\"form-control\" id=\"_mf_1003795_4386_3107511698\" name=\"_mf_1003795_4386\" placeholder=\"Email\" required \/><label for=\"_mf_1003795_4386_3107511698\" class=\"form-label\">Email <span class=\"star-required\">*<\/span><\/label><div class=\"invalid-feedback-frm\" role=\"alert\">Email is not valid.<\/div><\/div><div class=\"mf-field-wrapper form-floating col-sm-12\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"form-control\" id=\"_mf_1003795_3223_3884774873\" name=\"_mf_1003795_3223\" placeholder=\"Company\" required \/><label for=\"_mf_1003795_3223_3884774873\" class=\"form-label\">Company <span class=\"star-required\">*<\/span><\/label><div class=\"invalid-feedback-frm\" role=\"alert\">Company is not valid.<\/div><\/div>\t\t<div class=\"mf_field mf_field--country mf_field--select floating form-country-select-parent mf-required\">\n\n\t\t\t<label for=\"_mf_1003795_5869_4046907302\" class=\"floating__label form-country-select-label\" data-content=\"Country\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"floating-label-content\">Country<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"select-wrap\">\n<i class=\"icon icon-zodiak-chevron-down\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t<select id=\"_mf_1003795_5869_4046907302\" class=\"mf_field__input empty mf-country-selectbox form_country_select\" name=\"_mf_1003795_5869\" data-validate=\"select\" required>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"\"  selected='selected'>Country<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AF\" >Afghanistan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AX\" >Aland Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AL\" >Albania<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DZ\" >Algeria<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AS\" >American Samoa<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AD\" >Andorra<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AO\" >Angola<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AI\" >Anguilla<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AQ\" >Antarctica<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AG\" >Antigua And Barbuda<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AR\" >Argentina<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AM\" >Armenia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AW\" >Aruba<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AU\" >Australia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AT\" >Austria<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AZ\" >Azerbaijan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BS\" >Bahamas<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BH\" >Bahrain<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BD\" >Bangladesh<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BB\" >Barbados<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BY\" >Belarus<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BE\" >Belgium<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BZ\" >Belize<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BJ\" >Benin<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BM\" >Bermuda<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BT\" >Bhutan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BO\" >Bolivia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BA\" >Bosnia And Herzegovina<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BW\" >Botswana<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BV\" >Bouvet Island<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BR\" >Brazil<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IO\" >British Indian Ocean Territory<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BN\" >Brunei Darussalam<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BG\" >Bulgaria<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BF\" >Burkina Faso<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BI\" >Burundi<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KH\" >Cambodia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CM\" >Cameroon<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CA\" >Canada<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CV\" >Cape Verde<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KY\" >Cayman Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CF\" >Central African Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TD\" >Chad<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CL\" >Chile<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CN\" >China<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CX\" >Christmas Island<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CC\" >Cocos (Keeling) Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CO\" >Colombia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KM\" >Comoros<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CG\" >Congo<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CD\" >Congo, Democratic Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CK\" >Cook Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CR\" >Costa Rica<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CI\" >Cote D&#039;Ivoire<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HR\" >Croatia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CU\" >Cuba<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CY\" >Cyprus<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CZ\" >Czech Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DK\" >Denmark<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DJ\" >Djibouti<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DM\" >Dominica<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DO\" >Dominican Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"EC\" >Ecuador<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"EG\" >Egypt<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SV\" >El Salvador<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GQ\" >Equatorial Guinea<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ER\" >Eritrea<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"EE\" >Estonia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ET\" >Ethiopia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FK\" >Falkland Islands (Malvinas)<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FO\" >Faroe Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FJ\" >Fiji<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FI\" >Finland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FR\" >France<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GF\" >French Guiana<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PF\" >French Polynesia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TF\" >French Southern Territories<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GA\" >Gabon<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GM\" >Gambia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GE\" >Georgia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"DE\" >Germany<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GH\" >Ghana<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GI\" >Gibraltar<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GR\" >Greece<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GL\" >Greenland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GD\" >Grenada<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GP\" >Guadeloupe<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GU\" >Guam<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GT\" >Guatemala<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GG\" >Guernsey<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GN\" >Guinea<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GW\" >Guinea-Bissau<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GY\" >Guyana<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HT\" >Haiti<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HM\" >Heard Island &amp; Mcdonald Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VA\" >Holy See (Vatican City State)<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HN\" >Honduras<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HK\" >Hong Kong<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"HU\" >Hungary<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IS\" >Iceland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IN\" >India<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ID\" >Indonesia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IR\" >Iran, Islamic Republic Of<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IQ\" >Iraq<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IE\" >Ireland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IM\" >Isle Of Man<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IL\" >Israel<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"IT\" >Italy<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"JM\" >Jamaica<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"JP\" >Japan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"JE\" >Jersey<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"JO\" >Jordan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KZ\" >Kazakhstan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KE\" >Kenya<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KI\" >Kiribati<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KR\" >Korea<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KW\" >Kuwait<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KG\" >Kyrgyzstan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LA\" >Lao People&#039;s Democratic Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LV\" >Latvia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LB\" >Lebanon<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LS\" >Lesotho<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LR\" >Liberia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LY\" >Libyan Arab Jamahiriya<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LI\" >Liechtenstein<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LT\" >Lithuania<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LU\" >Luxembourg<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MO\" >Macao<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MK\" >Macedonia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MG\" >Madagascar<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MW\" >Malawi<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MY\" >Malaysia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MV\" >Maldives<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ML\" >Mali<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MT\" >Malta<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MH\" >Marshall Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MQ\" >Martinique<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MR\" >Mauritania<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MU\" >Mauritius<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"YT\" >Mayotte<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MX\" >Mexico<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"FM\" >Micronesia, Federated States Of<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MD\" >Moldova<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MC\" >Monaco<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MN\" >Mongolia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ME\" >Montenegro<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MS\" >Montserrat<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MA\" >Morocco<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MZ\" >Mozambique<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MM\" >Myanmar<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NA\" >Namibia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NR\" >Nauru<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NP\" >Nepal<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NL\" >Netherlands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"AN\" >Netherlands Antilles<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NC\" >New Caledonia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NZ\" >New Zealand<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NI\" >Nicaragua<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NE\" >Niger<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NG\" >Nigeria<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NU\" >Niue<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NF\" >Norfolk Island<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MP\" >Northern Mariana Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"NO\" >Norway<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"OM\" >Oman<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PK\" >Pakistan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PW\" >Palau<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PS\" >Palestinian Territory, Occupied<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PA\" >Panama<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PG\" >Papua New Guinea<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PY\" >Paraguay<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PE\" >Peru<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PH\" >Philippines<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PN\" >Pitcairn<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PL\" >Poland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PT\" >Portugal<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PR\" >Puerto Rico<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"QA\" >Qatar<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"RE\" >Reunion<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"RO\" >Romania<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"RU\" >Russian Federation<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"RW\" >Rwanda<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"BL\" >Saint Barthelemy<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SH\" >Saint Helena<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"KN\" >Saint Kitts And Nevis<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LC\" >Saint Lucia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"MF\" >Saint Martin<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"PM\" >Saint Pierre And Miquelon<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VC\" >Saint Vincent And Grenadines<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"WS\" >Samoa<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SM\" >San Marino<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ST\" >Sao Tome And Principe<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SA\" >Saudi Arabia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SN\" >Senegal<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"RS\" >Serbia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SC\" >Seychelles<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SL\" >Sierra Leone<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SG\" >Singapore<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SK\" >Slovakia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SI\" >Slovenia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SB\" >Solomon Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SO\" >Somalia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ZA\" >South Africa<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"GS\" >South Georgia And Sandwich Isl.<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ES\" >Spain<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"LK\" >Sri Lanka<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SD\" >Sudan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SR\" >Suriname<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SJ\" >Svalbard And Jan Mayen<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SZ\" >Swaziland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SE\" >Sweden<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"CH\" >Switzerland<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"SY\" >Syrian Arab Republic<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TW\" >Taiwan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TJ\" >Tajikistan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TZ\" >Tanzania<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TH\" >Thailand<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"TL\" >Timor-Leste<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option 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Islands<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"UY\" >Uruguay<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"UZ\" >Uzbekistan<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VU\" >Vanuatu<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VE\" >Venezuela<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VN\" >Viet Nam<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VG\" >Virgin Islands, British<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"VI\" >Virgin Islands, U.S.<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"WF\" >Wallis And Futuna<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"EH\" >Western Sahara<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"YE\" >Yemen<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ZM\" >Zambia<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"ZW\" >Zimbabwe<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/select>\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"invalid-feedback-frm\" role=\"alert\">Country is not valid.<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<script 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